Introduction Wireless networks, and the wireless devices that use them, introduce a host of security problems over and above those found in wired networks. Some of the key factors contributing to the higher security risk of wireless networks compared to wired networks include the following: Channel: Wireless networking typically involves broadcast communications, which is far...
Introduction Human relations movement refers to the researchers of organizational development who study the behavior, in particular workplace groups, and other related concepts in fields such as industrial and organizational psychology. This movement has developed human relation and behavior theory, which gives emphasis to human behavior and psychological aspect of human beings. According to this...
Federated identity management is a relatively new concept dealing with the use of a common identity management scheme across multiple enterprises and numerous applications and supporting many thousands, even millions, of users. Identity Management Identity management is a centralized, automated approach to provide enterprise[1]wide access to resources by employees and other authorized individuals. The focus...
Concept of management thought Management is that field of human behavior in which managers plan, organize, staff, direct, and control human and other resources in an organized group effort in order to achieve desired individual and group objectives with optimum efficiency and effectiveness. Awareness and understanding of important historical developments are also important to modern...
Mutual Authentication A two-level hierarchy of symmetric encryption keys can be used to provide confidentiality for communication in a distributed environment. In general, this strategy involves the use of a trusted key distribution center (KDC). Each party in the network shares a secret key, known as a master key, with the KDC. The KDC is...
What is User Authentication? Defines User Authentication as the process of verifying an identity claimed by or for a system entity. This process consists of two steps: Identification step: Presenting an identifier to the security system. (Identifiers should be assigned carefully, because authenticated identities are the basis for other security services, such as access control...
Architecture of Oracle Memory Structure Oracle database creates and uses memory structures for program code, data shared among users, private data areas for each connected user, cached data. 1. System global area A system global area (SGA) is a group of shared memory structures that contain data and control information for one oracle database instance....
Introduction to Planning The process of deciding on a course of action in advance to attain a desired goal is known as planning. It entails the creation of a strategy. It establishes the benchmarks to be met. It has to do with the formulation and achievement of a corporate organization’s goal. It is a fundamental...
What is Data preprocessing? Data preprocessing is a data mining technique that involves transforming incomplete, inconsistent, and/or noisy data which increase chances of error and misinterpretation, into an understandable format. Incomplete: Lacking attribute values, lacking certain attributes of interest, or containing only aggregate data. E.g., occupation = “” Noisy: Noisy data is a meaningless data...
Oracle Oracle is relational database management system which uses relational data model. In the relational data model, data is seen by the users in the form of tables. Oracle Server Oracle server consist of an oracle instance and a oracle database. Oracle Instance Oracle instance consist of memory and process. Physical and Logical Database Structures...