Management and leadership have five functions: planning, organizing, staffing, coordinating, and controlling. The management process is separated from other company operations such as marketing, accounting, and finance by these functions. Some of the process and function of management are described below:
Planning and decision making
This is the stage in which goals are established and strategies for achieving them are devised. Planning should be based on accurate, dependable, and up-to-date information. To plan effectively, the manager must have experience and knowledge.Decision making is a component of the planning process that includes the task of selecting the best alternative from two or more alternatives.
OrganizingÂ
The relationship between people, work, and resources used to achieve common goals is referred to as organizing. It is such a dynamic process that brings people together and forces them to work together to achieve a common goal.The activities of organizing includes:
- Identifying major activities.
- Grouping them into managerial units.
- Assigning jobs to different departments and employees.
Staffing
Staffing refers to the process of filling vacant positions by appointing the right people to the right job at the right time.Staffing includes:
- Determining the total manpower requirement.
- Organizing seminars, workshops and training to develop employees’ skills.
- Performance evaluation, promotion and transfer of employees.
- Remunerating employees according to their skills and ability.
Leading
It is an influence process in which an employee can enlist the help and support of others in the completion of a common task.Organizational effectiveness necessitates effective leadership. As a result, managers must be capable of providing effective leadership. An effective leader is someone who
- creates an inspiring vision of the future,
- motivates and inspires people to engage with that vision,
- manages vision delivery, and
- coaches and builds a team to make it more effective at achieving the vision.
So,leadership is required at all levels of management.
Controlling
It entails ensuring that everything is carried out in accordance with the plans adopted, instructions issued, and principles established. Controlling assesses the deviation of actual performance from standard performance, identifies the causes of such deviations, and aids in the implementation of corrective actions.
- Establish performance standards based on organizational objectives
- Measure and report on actual performance
- Compare results with performance and standards
- Take corrective or preventive measures as needed
Also Read: Introduction to Management
